Sanskrit · 20 verses

भज गोविन्दम्

Worship Govinda

आदि शङ्कराचार्य · Ādi Śaṅkara   with verses of the disciples after the first twelve

Shankara’s hammer of delusion: seek Govinda, not grammar, wealth, or the body. The first twelve verses are his; a colophon follows, then verses of the disciples. This page is the first twenty of the usual recension. The refrain भज गोविन्दं is sung after each verse; here it stands as verse 1.

How to read
  1. Try to read the original Sanskrit first (left column) (the first text in each stanza).
  2. Hover over, or tab to,Tap any word you don’t understand to hear it spoken and see its meaning in English. Tap anywhere else to close it.
  3. For really difficult lines, read the English version of the whole line in the right columnin the English after the stanza.
OriginalSanskrit
EnglishAI generated translation
Sanskrit
01

English

Worship Govinda, worship Govinda, O deluded mind.

When the hour of death is upon you, the rules of grammar will not save you.

Note

The story: Shankara meets an aged scholar in Varanasi drilling Pāṇini. डुकृङ्करणे is a technical grammar formula, standing here for mere book-learning.

Sanskrit
02

English

O fool, give up the thirst to pile up wealth; set the mind on wisdom and on freedom from craving.

Whatever comes through your own past work — with that, content the heart.

Sanskrit
03

English

Seeing a woman’s breasts and navel, do not fall into the spell of delusion.

Think again and again: this is only a change of flesh and fat.

Sanskrit
04

English

Water on a lotus leaf trembles and will not stay; life in this world is just as restless.

Know the whole world as seized by sickness and pride, and struck by sorrow.

Sanskrit
05

English

While a man can still earn, the household gathers round him with affection.

When the body is worn out, no one at home even asks how he is.

Sanskrit
06

English

While breath still lives in the body, the household asks after one’s welfare.

When the breath has gone, even the wife shrinks from the corpse.

Sanskrit
07

English

Childhood is lost in play; youth is lost in the beloved.

Old age is lost in worry. Almost no one is lost in the Supreme Brahman.

Sanskrit
08

English

Who is your wife? Who is your son? This round of birth and death is a strange play.

Whose are you? Who are you? From where have you come? Brother, think on that here.

Sanskrit
09

English

Good company gives rise to non-attachment; non-attachment, to freedom from delusion.

That freedom becomes a still truth — and from that stillness, liberation in this very life.

Note

A chain of cause: satsaṅga → nissaṅgatva → nirmoha → niścala-tattva → jīvanmukti.

Sanskrit
10

English

When youth is gone, what is lust? When the water is gone, what is a lake?

When wealth is gone, what is family? When Truth is known, what is saṃsāra?

Sanskrit
11

English

Do not take pride in wealth, in people, or in youth: Time steals them in a blink.

Leave this world of māyā; know the state of Brahman, and enter it.

Sanskrit
12

English

Day and night, evening and morning, winter and spring return again.

Time plays, life runs out — and still one does not drop the storm of wanting.

Sanskrit
13

English

Why this worry over beloved and wealth, O madman? Have you no one to steer you?

In all three worlds, only the company of the good is the boat across the ocean of birth and death.

Sanskrit
14

English

In these twelve flower-clusters the whole counsel has been spoken to the grammarian.

The teaching came from the blessed Śaṅkara, master of knowledge, whose refuge is the Lord.

Note

Colophon of the first twelve verses (the dvādaśa-mañjarikā), Shankara’s own. The verses that follow are traditionally those of his disciples.

Sanskrit
15

English

Matted hair, shaven head, plucked hair, ochre cloth — so many costumes.

The fool looks and still does not see: these disguises are for the belly’s sake.

Note

Traditionally attributed to Padmapāda.

Sanskrit
16

English

The body is wasted, the head grey, the mouth without teeth.

The old man walks with a staff — and still he will not drop the lump of hope.

Note

Traditionally attributed to Toṭakācārya.

Sanskrit
17

English

Fire in front, sun at the back; at night the chin is tucked on the knees.

Alms in the palm, a tree for a house — and still the noose of desire is not cut.

Note

Traditionally attributed to Hastāmalaka.

Sanskrit
18

English

One may go to Gaṅgā-sāgara, keep vows, or give gifts.

Without knowledge, say all the schools, liberation does not come in a hundred births.

Sanskrit
19

English

A dwelling at a temple tree, the earth for a bed, a deerskin for cloth.

Giving up every possession and pleasure — whom does dispassion not make glad?

Note

Traditionally attributed to Sureśvara.

Sanskrit
20

English

Whether given to yoga or to pleasure, to company or to solitude —

the one whose mind delights in Brahman rejoices, rejoices, rejoices indeed.

Note

Traditionally attributed to Nityānanda. The hymn continues beyond this verse in the usual 31-verse recension.